Publications

A selection of my scientific publications. All my publications are available in my Curriculum Vitae. For the full reference of each entry, please refer to the provided DOI link.

2026

FBFL: A field-based coordination approach for data heterogeneity in federated learning
FBFL: A field-based coordination approach for data heterogeneity in federated learning
Logical Methods in Computer Science • 2026
Davide Domini, Gianluca Aguzzi, Lukas Esterle, Mirko Viroli

FBFL proposes a field-based coordination strategy for federated learning to handle data heterogeneity by leveraging spatial relationships and local model aggregation.

Unraveling creativity through variability: A comparison of LLMs and humans in an educational Q&A scenario
Unraveling creativity through variability: A comparison of LLMs and humans in an educational Q&A scenario
Technology, Knowledge and Learning • 2026
Michele Braccini, Gianluca Aguzzi, Paolo Baldini

This research compares the creative output of Large Language Models (LLMs) and humans in educational settings by analyzing response variability to determine how LLMs simulate human-like creativity.

2025

MacroSwarm: A field-based compositional framework for swarm programming
MacroSwarm: A field-based compositional framework for swarm programming
Logical Methods in Computer Science • 2025
Gianluca Aguzzi, Roberto Casadei, Mirko Viroli

Introduces MacroSwarm, a Scala-based framework that enables the compositional design of complex swarm behaviors using field-based abstractions and aggregate computing.

Software engineering for collective cyber-physical ecosystems
Software engineering for collective cyber-physical ecosystems
ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology • 2025
Roberto Casadei, Gianluca Aguzzi, Giorgio Audrito, Ferruccio Damiani, Danilo Pianini, Giordano Scarso, Gianluca Torta, Mirko Viroli

Outlines a software engineering methodology for collective cyber-physical ecosystems, focusing on the coordination and adaptive management of large-scale distributed systems.

Privacy-preserving LLM-based chatbots for hypertensive patient self-management
Privacy-preserving LLM-based chatbots for hypertensive patient self-management
Smart Health • 2025
Sara Montagna, Stefano Ferretti, Lorenz Cuno Klopfenstein, Michelangelo Ungolo, Martino Francesco Pengo, Gianluca Aguzzi, Matteo Magnini

This research presents a privacy-preserving framework for LLM-based chatbots designed to assist hypertensive patients in self-managing their condition securely.

Neighbor-based decentralized training strategies for multi-agent reinforcement learning
Neighbor-based decentralized training strategies for multi-agent reinforcement learning
Proceedings of the 40th ACM/SIGAPP Symposium on Applied Computing • 2025
Nicolò Malucelli, Davide Domini, Gianluca Aguzzi, Mirko Viroli

This study explores decentralized training strategies for multi-agent reinforcement learning where agents learn and share knowledge only with their immediate neighbors to improve scalability.

A Fine-Tuning Pipeline with Small Conversational Data for Healthcare Chatbot
A Fine-Tuning Pipeline with Small Conversational Data for Healthcare Chatbot
International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Medicine • 2025
Gianluca Aguzzi, Matteo Magnini, Martino Francesco Pengo, Mirko Viroli, Sara Montagna

This paper proposes a fine-tuning pipeline for developing small, privacy-preserving healthcare chatbots that can be deployed locally using limited conversational data, addressing concerns about privacy and reliability in remote LLM services.

A language-based approach to macroprogramming for iot systems through large language models
A language-based approach to macroprogramming for iot systems through large language models
ACM Transactions on Internet of Things • 2025
Gianluca Aguzzi, Nicolas Farabegoli, Mirko Viroli

This paper explores leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) for macroprogramming IoT systems, providing a language-based approach to simplify the coordination of multiple devices and capture global system behaviors.

A Field-based Approach for Runtime Replanning in Swarm Robotics Missions
A Field-based Approach for Runtime Replanning in Swarm Robotics Missions
2025 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems (ACSOS) • 2025
Gianluca Aguzzi, Martina Baiardi, Angela Cortecchia, Branko Miloradovic, Alessandro Papadopoulos, Danilo Pianini, Mirko Viroli

This paper introduces a field-based coordination strategy to enable runtime task replanning in swarm robotics missions using aggregate computing, ensuring adaptivity and robustness against robot failures in unpredictable environments.

SHAC++: A Neural Network to Rule All Differentiable Simulators
SHAC++: A Neural Network to Rule All Differentiable Simulators
FRONTIERS IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND APPLICATIONS • 2025
Francesco Bertolotti, Gianluca Aguzzi, Walter Cazzola, Mirko Viroli, others

This paper presents SHAC++, a neural network-based framework that improves reinforcement learning efficiency by removing the requirement for fully differentiable environments and extending support to multi-agent scenarios.

Exploiting GenAI for plan generation in BDI agents
FRONTIERS IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND APPLICATIONS • 2025
Giovanni Ciatto, Gianluca Aguzzi, Riccardo Battistini, Martina Baiardi, Samuele Burattini, Alessandro Ricci, others

This paper investigates the integration of Generative AI into Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) agents to autonomously generate plans, leveraging the natural language understanding and reasoning capabilities of LLMs to enhance agent adaptability.

Scaling swarm coordination with gnns—how far can we go?
Scaling swarm coordination with gnns—how far can we go?
AI • 2025
Gianluca Aguzzi, Davide Domini, Filippo Venturini, Mirko Viroli

This paper investigates the scalability limits of decentralized swarm robotics coordination using Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), exploring how these models perform as the number of agents increases significantly.

RAG-Enhanced Open SLMs for Hypertension Management Chatbots
RAG-Enhanced Open SLMs for Hypertension Management Chatbots
Journal of Medical Systems • 2025
Gianluca Aguzzi, Matteo Magnini, Aqila Farahmand, Stefano Ferretti, Martino Francesco Pengo, Sara Montagna

The study presents a medical chatbot system for hypertension management that leverages Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) to enhance the reliability and accuracy of open-source Small Language Models (SLMs).

Decentralized proximity-aware clustering for collective self-federated learning
Decentralized proximity-aware clustering for collective self-federated learning
Internet of Things • 2025
Davide Domini, Nicolas Farabegoli, Gianluca Aguzzi, Mirko Viroli, Lukas Esterle

This work proposes a decentralized, proximity-aware clustering mechanism for IoT devices to enable autonomous, self-organizing federated learning in networks with localized communication.

2024

A Reusable Simulation Pipeline for Many-Agent Reinforcement Learning
A Reusable Simulation Pipeline for Many-Agent Reinforcement Learning
2024 28th International Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real Time Applications (DS-RT) • 2024
Davide Domini, Gianluca Aguzzi, Danilo Pianini, Mirko Viroli

This work introduces a modular and reusable simulation pipeline that facilitates the training and evaluation of reinforcement learning algorithms in many-agent systems.

2023

A field-based computing approach to sensing-driven clustering in robot swarms
A field-based computing approach to sensing-driven clustering in robot swarms
Swarm Intelligence • 2023
Gianluca Aguzzi, Giorgio Audrito, Roberto Casadei, Ferruccio Damiani, Gianluca Torta, Mirko Viroli

This paper presents a field-based approach for robot swarms to achieve robust and scalable clustering based on local sensing and aggregate programming.

Field-informed reinforcement learning of collective tasks with graph neural networks
Field-informed reinforcement learning of collective tasks with graph neural networks
2023 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems (ACSOS) • 2023
Gianluca Aguzzi, Mirko Viroli, Lukas Esterle

Proposes a framework that leverages aggregate computing fields to provide local spatial context to Graph Neural Networks, improving reinforcement learning for collective tasks.

2022

Towards reinforcement learning-based aggregate computing
Towards reinforcement learning-based aggregate computing
International Conference on Coordination Languages and Models • 2022
Gianluca Aguzzi, Roberto Casadei, Mirko Viroli

This work proposes integrating reinforcement learning with aggregate computing to enable collective systems to learn and adapt their behaviors dynamically in uncertain environments.

Scafi: A scala DSL and toolkit for aggregate programming
Scafi: A scala DSL and toolkit for aggregate programming
SoftwareX • 2022
Roberto Casadei, Mirko Viroli, Gianluca Aguzzi, Danilo Pianini

This paper introduces ScaFi, a Scala-based domain-specific language and toolkit for engineering large-scale distributed systems using the aggregate programming paradigm.

Dynamic decentralization domains for the internet of things
Dynamic decentralization domains for the internet of things
IEEE Internet Computing • 2022
Gianluca Aguzzi, Roberto Casadei, Danilo Pianini, Mirko Viroli

This paper proposes dynamic decentralization domains (3D) as a mechanism to manage and adjust the scope of decentralized coordination in IoT systems.

2021

A programming approach to collective autonomy
A programming approach to collective autonomy
Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks • 2021
Roberto Casadei, Gianluca Aguzzi, Mirko Viroli

This paper defines an agent control architecture for aggregate multi-agent systems and discusses how aggregate computing supports both individual and collective autonomy.